This is an unconjugated, non-therapeutic recombinant analog of efzofitimod, supplied for research use only and not for human or veterinary use. Efzofitimod is a fusion protein derived from the immunomodulatory (WHEP) domain of human histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS/HisRS), a naturally occurring aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, linked to a human IgG1 Fc region; the HisRS-derived portion engages neuropilin-2 (NRP2) on activated myeloid cells. The research-grade analog is built around this same molecular framework rather than the clinical drug product, making it useful as a reference standard and positive/negative control in binding and neutralisation assays, for benchmarking in-house or third-party reagents, and for in-vitro and preclinical mechanism studies of HisRS-Fc / NRP2 biology. It is offered as a low-endotoxin (research grade less than 1 EU/mg; ultra-low less than 0.5 EU/mg) preparation available in bulk milligram-to-gram quantities to support assay development, screening, and process work. Note the target field on this card reads generically as an enzyme-derived construct; the functional receptor is NRP2, so target details should be reviewed before publication.
Efzofitimod is derived from histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that normally charges tRNA-His during protein translation. Beyond this housekeeping enzymatic role, HisRS contains an N-terminal WHEP domain with extracellular immunomodulatory activity when released or expressed as a splice variant. The functional binding partner for this domain is neuropilin-2 (NRP2), a single-pass transmembrane receptor expressed on activated myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages. NRP2 is upregulated in inflammatory and granulomatous settings and, upon engagement, modulates myeloid activation and downstream signaling. Efzofitimod is reported to downregulate pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, MIP-1-alpha and MCP-1, resolving inflammation without broad immunosuppression. Because the card labels the target generically as an enzyme-derived substitute, note that the true receptor is NRP2.