This product is a research-grade biosimilar of axatilimab, supplied as an unconjugated, non-therapeutic analog of the originator antibody for research use only. It reproduces the antigen-binding specificity of axatilimab, a human IgG4-kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the human colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, UniProt P07333), and is intended as a tool reagent rather than as a clinical drug. Axatilimab blocks CSF1R signaling to modulate the survival, differentiation, and function of monocytes, macrophages, and related myeloid populations, and the clinical originator has been developed in the setting of chronic graft-versus-host disease and other fibrotic and inflammatory conditions. The biosimilar is offered at research grade with low endotoxin (<1 EU/mg), in bulk milligram-to-gram quantities suitable for functional and comparative studies. Because it is built around the CSF1R target rather than defined by a hybridoma clone, it is best used to interrogate CSF1R-dependent biology, to serve as a binding or neutralization reference standard, and as an isotype-matched human IgG4 tool in in-vitro assay development.
CSF1R (colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, also called CD115 or c-FMS; UniProt P07333) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase expressed predominantly on cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage, including monocytes, macrophages, osteoclasts, microglia, and dendritic cell subsets. It is activated by two ligands, CSF1 (M-CSF) and IL-34, which drive receptor dimerization, autophosphorylation, and downstream signaling through PI3K-AKT, ERK, and other pathways that govern myeloid cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and effector function. CSF1R signaling is central to tissue macrophage homeostasis and to the recruitment and polarization of macrophages in inflammation, fibrosis, and the tumor microenvironment. Blocking the ligand-binding region of CSF1R depletes or reprograms pathogenic macrophage populations, which underlies interest in CSF1R-directed antibodies for fibrotic, inflammatory, and oncologic indications.