This product is an unconjugated, non-therapeutic recombinant analog of avelumab, an anti-PD-L1 human IgG1 lambda antibody, supplied strictly for research use only. It is built around the same target, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1, CD274; UniProt Q9NZQ7), and reproduces the binding specificity of the originator molecule without being the clinical drug; it is not intended for human or veterinary use. Because it carries a native, non-effector-silenced human IgG1 framework, this analog is well suited to studies of PD-L1 blockade alongside antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), a feature distinguishing avelumab from several other PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies. Typical research applications include positive and reference controls in binding and neutralization assays, benchmarking of biosimilar or novel anti-PD-L1 candidates, ADCC and ADC-development workflows, and preclinical in-vitro immuno-oncology models. It is offered at research grade with low endotoxin (<1 EU/mg; ultra-low <0.5 EU/mg options), in-vivo-standard formulations, and in bulk milligram-to-gram quantities to support scale-up and assay standardization.
PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1, also called CD274 or B7-H1; UniProt Q9NZQ7) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the B7 immunoglobulin superfamily. It is expressed on antigen-presenting cells, many other tissues under inflammatory conditions, and is frequently upregulated on tumor cells, often driven by interferon-gamma. PD-L1 engages the inhibitory receptor PD-1 on activated T cells, delivering a co-inhibitory signal that dampens T-cell receptor signaling, reduces proliferation and cytokine production, and promotes T-cell exhaustion. It also binds CD80 (B7-1) in cis and trans, adding a further layer of immune regulation. This PD-1/PD-L1 axis maintains peripheral tolerance but is co-opted by tumors to evade immune surveillance. Blocking PD-L1 restores effector T-cell activity, which underpins its central role as an immune-checkpoint target.